El robo como obstáculo para el emprendimiento en México, 2005-2008
Palabras clave:
Emprendimiento, Robo, México, Modelo de panelResumen
En la presente investigación se analiza cuál es el efecto de los robos sobre el emprendimiento en México, durante el periodo 2005-2018, en el marco de la creación de la empresa. La hipótesis asume que los robos influyen negativamente en la iniciativa emprendedora. La variable robo contempla cuatro modalidades: robos, robos a negocios, robos con violencia y robos sin violencia. Dada la estructura de los datos se estimó un modelo con datos de panel para las entidades mexicanas. Los resultados muestran un impacto negativo sobre el emprendimiento cuando se trata de las modalidades de robos a negocios y robos con violencia.
Clasificación JEL: L26; M13; K49.
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Acs, Z., Audretsch, D., & Strom, R. (2009). Why Entrepreneurship Matters. In Z. Acs, D. Audretsch y D. Strom (Eds.), Entrepreneurship, Growth, and Public Policy (pp. 1-16). New York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511805950.001
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Anho, J. (2014). Entrepreneurship Education: A Panacea for Unemployment, Poverty Reduction and National Insecurity in Developing and Underdeveloped Countries. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 124-136.
Barreneche, A. (2013). Analyzing the Determinants of Entrepreneurship in European Cities. Small Business Economics, vol. 42, no.1, pp. 77-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-012-9462-8
Beck, N. & Kats, J. (1995). What to do (and not to do) whit Timer-Series Cross-Section Data. The American Political Science Review, vol 89, no. 3, pp. 634-647. https://doi.org/10.2307/2082979
Belitski, M., & Korosteleva, J. (2010). Entrepreneurial Activity across European Cities. In 50th Congress of the European Regional Science Association (pp. 1-15). Jonkoping: ERSA. Recuperado de https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/119293
Blancas, E., Mejía, C., & Llanos, J. (2017). Las Violencias en el Emprendimiento. Tla-Melaua Revista de Ciencias Sociales, vol. 11, no. 43, pp. 178-199. https://doi.org/10.32399/rtla.11.43.374
Bruck, T., Naudé, W., & Verwimp, P. (2011). Small Business, Entrepreneurship and Violent Conflict in Developing Countries. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 161–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2011.10593532
Breusch, T.S. & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. Review of Economic Studies, vol. 47(1), pp. 239-253. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297111
Buananno, P., & Montolio, D. (2005). Identifying the Socioeconomic Determinants of Crime across Spanish Provinces. Working paper in Economics 139, Universitat de Barcelona. Recuperado de https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/barbedcje/2005138.htm
Duran, J. (2019). Desarrollo regional y emprendimiento: evidencia para Colombia. El Trimestre Económico, vol. 86, no. 4, pp. 467-490. https://10.20430/ete.v86i342.656
Fairlie, R., & Fossen, F. (2017). Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ ssrn.3010267
González, S. (2014). Criminalidad y crecimiento económico regional en México. Frontera Norte, vol. 26, no. 51, pp. 75-111.
Greenbaum, R., Tita, G. (2004). The Impact of Violence Surges on Neighbourhood Business Activity. Urban Studies, vol. 41, no. 13, pp. 2495-2514. https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098042000294538
Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1251-1271. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913827
Kuratko, D., Hornby, J., Naffziger, D., & Hodgetts, R. (2000). Crime and Small Business: An Exploratory Study of Cost and Prevention Issues in US Firms. Journal of Small Business Management, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 1-13.
Martínez, G., & Morones, A. L. (2019). Análisis de los Determinantes de la Percepción de Corrupción como el problema social de México. Revista Legislativa de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Publica, vol. 12, no. 25, pp. 163-184.
Martínez, G., Saavedra, R. E., & Morones, A. L. (2020). Capital social como factor de emprendimiento en los países de la OCDE: implementación de un modelo de panel. Revista de Métodos cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa, no. 30, pp. 312-326. https://doi.org/10.46661/revmetodoscuanteconempresa.3512
Matti, J., Ross, A. (2016). Does Crime Affect Entrepreneurship? A Discussion of the Current Literature. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, vol. 5, no. 3, 254-272. https://doi.org/10.1108/jepp-05-2016-0018
Méndez-Picazo, M., Galindo-Martín, M., & Ribeiro-Soriano, D. (2012). Governance, Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 865-877. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985 626.2012.742323
Moreno, J. O., & Saucedo, E. (2020). Crime and Employment Destruction in Mexico: Do firm´s size and location matter? Análisis Económico, vol. 35, no. 88, pp. 9-41. https://doi.org/10.24275/uam/azc/dcsh/ae/2020v35n88/Moreno
Moser, C. (2004). Urban Violence and Insecurity: An Introductory Roadmap. Environment and Urbanization, no. 16, vol. 2, pp. 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1630/0956247042309847
Muñiz, C., & Ramírez, J. (2015). Los Empresarios frente al Narcotráfico en México. Tratamiento Informativo de las Reacciones Empresariales ante Situaciones de Violencia e Inseguridad. Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodístico, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 437-456. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_esmp.2015.v21.n1.49104
Osorio, G., Saavedra, R., & Martínez, G. (2019). El Impacto Institucional en el Emprendimiento de México. Revista de Estudios Empresariales. Segunda época, vol. 1, pp. 98-115. https://doi.org/10.17561/ree.v2019n1.6
Papaoikonomou, E., & Segarra, P., Li, X. (2012). Entrepreneurship in the context of Crisis: Identifying Barriers and Proposing Strategies. International Advances in Economic Research, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11294-011-9330-3
Pinazo-Dallenbach, P., Roig-Tierno, N., & Mas-Tur, A. (2015). Are Problems with Violence and the Lack of Public Safety a Barrier to Entrepreneurship?. In D. Palacios-Marqués, D. Riberio and K. Huarng (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing (pp. 77–83). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22204-2_7
Pindyck R. S., and Rubinfeld, D. L. (1991). Econometric Models and Economic Forecast, 3a. ed., New York: McGraw-Hill, pp. 303-305
Raimi, L., Akhuemonkhan, I., & Ogunjirin, O. (2015). Corporate Social Responsibility and Entrepreneurship (CSRE): Antidotes to Poverty, Insecurity and Underdevelopment in Nigeria. Social Responsibility Journal, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 56–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/srj-11-2012-0138
Reynolds, P. (2012). Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies: The Bottom Billions and Business Creation. Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 141–277. https://doi.org/10.1561/0300000045
Rosenthal, S., & Ross, A. (2010). Violent Crime, Entrepreneurship and Cities. Journal of Urban Economics, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 135-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2009.09.001
Saavedra, R., & Texis, M. (2019). El Factor Institucional en el Emprendimiento por Oportunidad de América Latina y el Caribe. Innovar, vol. 29, no. 73, pp. 99-112. https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v29n73.78025
Savrul, M. (2017). The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Economic Growth: GEM Data Analysis. Journal of Management, Marketing and Logistics, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 320–326. https://doi.org/10.17261/pressacademia.2017.494
Skogan, W. (1975). Measurement Problems in Official and Survey Crime Rates. Journal of Criminal Justice, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2352(75)90096-3
Sloan, C., Caudill, S., & Mixon, F. (2016). Entrepreneurship and Crime: The Case of the New Restaurant Formation. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, vol. 5, pp. 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2015.12.003
Storey, D. (1991). The Birth of the New Firms – Does Unemployment Matter? A Review of the Evidence. Small Business Economics, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 167-178. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00400022
Texis, M., Saavedra, R., & Aguilar, J. (2016). El Capital Emprendedor de México, 2000-2014. En A. Mungaray, N. Ramírez y J. Aguilar (Eds.), Economía del Emprendimiento y las Pequeñas Empresas en México, (pp. 15-36). México: MA Porrúa-UABC.
Toma, S., Grigore, A., & Marinescu, P. (2014). Economic Development and Entrepreneurship. Procedia, Economic and Finance, vol. 18, pp. 436-443.
Urbano, D., & Aparicio, S. (2015). Entrepreneurship Capital Types and Economic Growth: International Evidence. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, vol. 102, pp. 34-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2015.02.018
Varela, R., & Ramírez, R (2019). Emprendimiento Empresarial, Inversión en I+D y Marco Institucional en México. Análisis Económico, vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 133-156. https://doi.org/10.24275/uam/azc/dcsh/ae/2019v34n86/Varela
Weterings, A. (2013). What makes Firms Leave Neighborhood?. Urban Studies, vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 1613-1633. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013498624
Acs, Z., Desai, S., & Hessels, J. (2008). Entrepreneurship, economic development and institution. Small Business Economics, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 219-234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-008-9135-9
Anho, J. (2014). Entrepreneurship Education: A Panacea for Unemployment, Poverty Reduction and National Insecurity in Developing and Underdeveloped Countries. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 124-136.
Barreneche, A. (2013). Analyzing the Determinants of Entrepreneurship in European Cities. Small Business Economics, vol. 42, no.1, pp. 77-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-012-9462-8
Beck, N. & Kats, J. (1995). What to do (and not to do) whit Timer-Series Cross-Section Data. The American Political Science Review, vol 89, no. 3, pp. 634-647. https://doi.org/10.2307/2082979
Belitski, M., & Korosteleva, J. (2010). Entrepreneurial Activity across European Cities. In 50th Congress of the European Regional Science Association (pp. 1-15). Jonkoping: ERSA. Recuperado de https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/119293
Blancas, E., Mejía, C., & Llanos, J. (2017). Las Violencias en el Emprendimiento. Tla-Melaua Revista de Ciencias Sociales, vol. 11, no. 43, pp. 178-199. https://doi.org/10.32399/rtla.11.43.374
Bruck, T., Naudé, W., & Verwimp, P. (2011). Small Business, Entrepreneurship and Violent Conflict in Developing Countries. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 161–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2011.10593532
Breusch, T.S. & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. Review of Economic Studies, vol. 47(1), pp. 239-253. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297111
Buananno, P., & Montolio, D. (2005). Identifying the Socioeconomic Determinants of Crime across Spanish Provinces. Working paper in Economics 139, Universitat de Barcelona. Recuperado de https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/barbedcje/2005138.htm
Duran, J. (2019). Desarrollo regional y emprendimiento: evidencia para Colombia. El Trimestre Económico, vol. 86, no. 4, pp. 467-490. https://10.20430/ete.v86i342.656
Fairlie, R., & Fossen, F. (2017). Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship: Two Components of Business Creation. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ ssrn.3010267
González, S. (2014). Criminalidad y crecimiento económico regional en México. Frontera Norte, vol. 26, no. 51, pp. 75-111.
Greenbaum, R., Tita, G. (2004). The Impact of Violence Surges on Neighbourhood Business Activity. Urban Studies, vol. 41, no. 13, pp. 2495-2514. https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098042000294538
Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1251-1271. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913827
Kuratko, D., Hornby, J., Naffziger, D., & Hodgetts, R. (2000). Crime and Small Business: An Exploratory Study of Cost and Prevention Issues in US Firms. Journal of Small Business Management, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 1-13.
Martínez, G., & Morones, A. L. (2019). Análisis de los Determinantes de la Percepción de Corrupción como el problema social de México. Revista Legislativa de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Publica, vol. 12, no. 25, pp. 163-184.
Martínez, G., Saavedra, R. E., & Morones, A. L. (2020). Capital social como factor de emprendimiento en los países de la OCDE: implementación de un modelo de panel. Revista de Métodos cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa, no. 30, pp. 312-326. https://doi.org/10.46661/revmetodoscuanteconempresa.3512
Matti, J., Ross, A. (2016). Does Crime Affect Entrepreneurship? A Discussion of the Current Literature. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, vol. 5, no. 3, 254-272. https://doi.org/10.1108/jepp-05-2016-0018
Méndez-Picazo, M., Galindo-Martín, M., & Ribeiro-Soriano, D. (2012). Governance, Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 865-877. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985 626.2012.742323
Moreno, J. O., & Saucedo, E. (2020). Crime and Employment Destruction in Mexico: Do firm´s size and location matter? Análisis Económico, vol. 35, no. 88, pp. 9-41. https://doi.org/10.24275/uam/azc/dcsh/ae/2020v35n88/Moreno
Moser, C. (2004). Urban Violence and Insecurity: An Introductory Roadmap. Environment and Urbanization, no. 16, vol. 2, pp. 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1630/0956247042309847
Muñiz, C., & Ramírez, J. (2015). Los Empresarios frente al Narcotráfico en México. Tratamiento Informativo de las Reacciones Empresariales ante Situaciones de Violencia e Inseguridad. Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodístico, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 437-456. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_esmp.2015.v21.n1.49104
Osorio, G., Saavedra, R., & Martínez, G. (2019). El Impacto Institucional en el Emprendimiento de México. Revista de Estudios Empresariales. Segunda época, vol. 1, pp. 98-115. https://doi.org/10.17561/ree.v2019n1.6
Papaoikonomou, E., & Segarra, P., Li, X. (2012). Entrepreneurship in the context of Crisis: Identifying Barriers and Proposing Strategies. International Advances in Economic Research, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11294-011-9330-3
Pinazo-Dallenbach, P., Roig-Tierno, N., & Mas-Tur, A. (2015). Are Problems with Violence and the Lack of Public Safety a Barrier to Entrepreneurship?. In D. Palacios-Marqués, D. Riberio and K. Huarng (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing (pp. 77–83). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22204-2_7
Pindyck R. S., and Rubinfeld, D. L. (1991). Econometric Models and Economic Forecast, 3a. ed., New York: McGraw-Hill, pp. 303-305
Raimi, L., Akhuemonkhan, I., & Ogunjirin, O. (2015). Corporate Social Responsibility and Entrepreneurship (CSRE): Antidotes to Poverty, Insecurity and Underdevelopment in Nigeria. Social Responsibility Journal, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 56–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/srj-11-2012-0138
Reynolds, P. (2012). Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies: The Bottom Billions and Business Creation. Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 141–277. https://doi.org/10.1561/0300000045
Rosenthal, S., & Ross, A. (2010). Violent Crime, Entrepreneurship and Cities. Journal of Urban Economics, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 135-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2009.09.001
Saavedra, R., & Texis, M. (2019). El Factor Institucional en el Emprendimiento por Oportunidad de América Latina y el Caribe. Innovar, vol. 29, no. 73, pp. 99-112. https://doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v29n73.78025
Savrul, M. (2017). The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Economic Growth: GEM Data Analysis. Journal of Management, Marketing and Logistics, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 320–326. https://doi.org/10.17261/pressacademia.2017.494
Skogan, W. (1975). Measurement Problems in Official and Survey Crime Rates. Journal of Criminal Justice, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2352(75)90096-3
Sloan, C., Caudill, S., & Mixon, F. (2016). Entrepreneurship and Crime: The Case of the New Restaurant Formation. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, vol. 5, pp. 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2015.12.003
Storey, D. (1991). The Birth of the New Firms – Does Unemployment Matter? A Review of the Evidence. Small Business Economics, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 167-178. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00400022
Texis, M., Saavedra, R., & Aguilar, J. (2016). El Capital Emprendedor de México, 2000-2014. En A. Mungaray, N. Ramírez y J. Aguilar (Eds.), Economía del Emprendimiento y las Pequeñas Empresas en México, (pp. 15-36). México: MA Porrúa-UABC.
Toma, S., Grigore, A., & Marinescu, P. (2014). Economic Development and Entrepreneurship. Procedia, Economic and Finance, vol. 18, pp. 436-443.
Urbano, D., & Aparicio, S. (2015). Entrepreneurship Capital Types and Economic Growth: International Evidence. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, vol. 102, pp. 34-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2015.02.018
Varela, R., & Ramírez, R (2019). Emprendimiento Empresarial, Inversión en I+D y Marco Institucional en México. Análisis Económico, vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 133-156. https://doi.org/10.24275/uam/azc/dcsh/ae/2019v34n86/Varela
Weterings, A. (2013). What makes Firms Leave Neighborhood?. Urban Studies, vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 1613-1633. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013498624
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2021-05-03
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Saavedra Leyva, R. E., Morones Carrillo, A. L., & Martínez Sidón, G. (2021). El robo como obstáculo para el emprendimiento en México, 2005-2008. Análisis Económico, 36(92), 145–163. Recuperado a partir de https://analisiseconomico.azc.uam.mx/index.php/rae/article/view/594
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